TRANSPORTATION
Roads:
Singapore pioneered the modern use of toll roads to enter the most congested city area with the Singapore Area Licensing Scheme, which has since been replaced with the Electronic Road Pricing, a form of electronic toll collection.
- Total length of expressways: 150 km
- Total length of major arterial roads: 604 km
- Total length of collector roads: 468 km
- Total length of local access roads: 2040 km
- Total road length: 3262 km
Traffic drives on the left which is typical in Commonwealth countries.
Railroads:
Total length of railways (MRT & LRT): 138.2 km
The Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) is a standard gauge system with a total rail network length of 118.9 km and 70 stations. There are four main lines running at present: the North South Line, the East West Line (both operated by SMRT Corporation), the North East Line and the Circle Line (operated by SBS Transit).
In 1998, a 7.8 km-Light Rail Transit (LRT) system with 14 stations was introduced in Bukit Panjang. The Sengkang LRT Line, a 10.7 km light rail line was opened in 2003; a third LRT line, Punggol LRT Line, was opened in 2005 Jan with the East Loop of the system serving the residences in Punggol.
A 2.1 km Sentosa Express monorail built by Hitachi Asia Ltd was opened on 15 January 2007, linking Sentosa island to mainland Singapore.
Aviation:
Singapore aims to be Asia's aviation hub chiefly via the promotion of liberal aviation policies in a bid to encourage airlines to commence and maintain operations there. The aviation industry is regulated by the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore, a statutory board of the Singapore government under the Ministry of Transport.
An open skies agreement was concluded with the United Kingdom in October 2007 permitting unrestricted services from Singapore by UK carriers. Singapore carriers were allowed to operate domestic UK services as well as services beyond London Heathrow to a number of destinations, including the United States.
Airlines
There are currently 5 local scheduled service airlines, all of them operating out of Singapore Changi Airport, offering scheduled flights to over 70 cities on 5 continents. The national flag carrier, Singapore Airlines currently operates out of Changi Airport Terminal 2 and 3. Its subsidiary, SilkAir, operate out of Changi Airport Terminal 2. Singapore's two budget airlines, Jetstar Asia and Valuair, currently operate out of Changi Airport Terminal 1. Only one budget airline, Tiger Airways, has chosen to operate at the Budget Terminal; other budget airlines have cited various reasons for not shifting operations to the Budget terminal, including accessibility and ease of transfers to connecting flights.
- Jetstar Asia- founded 2004
- SilkAir- founded 1976
- Singapore Airlines- founded 1947 (as Malayan Airways)
- Tiger Airways- founded 2003
- Valuair- founded 2004 (has since merged with Jetstar Asia to form OrangeStar)
Airports
Singapore Changi Airport, with its four terminals (including one budget terminal), is one of the most important air hubs in the region. The international airport is situated at the eastern most tip of the main island, and serves 185 cities in 58 countries. With the recent opening of the third terminal, Changi is now capable of handling 64 million passengers every year.
Seletar Airport is Singapore's first civil aviation airport and is primarily used for private aviation today. The airport also serves limited scheduled commercial flights by Berjaya Air to the Malaysian islands of Pulau Tioman and Pulau Redang.